Elisabeth Lund Engebretsen

professor i kjønnsforskning

EAL
Det samfunnsvitenskapelige fakultet
EAL H-130

Bio

Elisabeth Lund Engebretsen is a Professor at the UiS Centre for Gender Studies and an affiliated researcher with the Amsterdam Research Centre for Gender and Sexuality, University of Amsterdam (since 2014). 

Elisabeth received a Ph.D. in Social Anthropology from the London School of Economics and Political Science in 2008, funded by the Economic and Social Research Council (UK) and a Chevening Scholarship. The published monograph deriving from the dissertation project, Queer Women in Urban China: An Ethnography (Routledge, 2014), was awarded the 2014 Ruth Benedict Book Award Honorable Mention by the Association for Queer Anthropology, American Anthropological Association. Elisabeth is co-editor of the anthologies Queer/Tongzhi China: New perspectives on research, activism, and media cultures (NIAS Press/University of Hawaii Press, 2015; with William F. Schroeder, Hongwei Bao), Transforming Identities in Contemporary Europe (Routledge, 2023; with Mia Liinason), and a special issue of lambda nordica, Anti-Gender Politics and Queer Theory (2022; with Erika Alm).

Elisabeth’s writing has appeared in journals such as Sexualities, NORA - Nordic Journal of Gender and Feminist Research, American Anthropologist, Sexuality Research & Social Policy, Ethnos, lambda nordica, Scholar & Feminist Online, and UNIPED: Tidsskrift for universitets- og høgskolepedagogikk.

Before joining the UiS in 2018, Elisabeth held lectureships at McGill University’s Institute for Gender, Sexuality and Feminist Studies, Shandong University’s Department of Anthropology, Centre for Gender Research at the University of Oslo, and research fellowships at Duke University’s Department of Gender, Sexuality and Feminist Studies, the Helsinki Collegium for Advanced Studies, and the International Institute for Asian Studies at Leiden University.

At the UiS, Elisabeth serves as Study Programme Director (studieprogramleder) at the Centre for Gender Studies, and teaches and convenes the combined BA and MA courses Global Sexualities: Theories, Methodologies, Practices (GEN370, GEN570) and Kjønn, kultur og samfunn: Introduksjon til kjønnsstudier (GEN340, GEN540)

Elisabeth’s current research is concerned with democratic challenges, illiberalism, populism and queer and trans theorizing; critical approaches to Pride politics in contemporary Norway and transnationally, modern queer history in Norway and Nordic Europe with specific focus on gender and the 1980s-1990s period, climate justice, and feminist and queer activism in post-2010s China. Longstanding topical research and supervision interests include feminist and queer ethnography, queer-feminist research methodology and learning pedagogy, transnational gender and sexual diversity, anti-gender politics and reactionary populism, the global politics of academic freedom, and environmental justice.

Research projects:

In 2013, Elisabeth co-founded the European Network for Queer Anthropology, an official network of the European Association of Social Anthropologists (EASA). She founded and currently coordinates Skeiv Forskningsgruppe (Queer Research Group), a national network for students and researchers engaging in queer research broadly defined. Elisabeth is also a core member of the UiS-based Research Group on Populism, Anti-Gender and Democracy, a board member of the UiS-based Research School in Radical Interdisciplinary (ITEM), and a member of the International Advisory Board of The future of democracy: Cultural analyses of illiberalism in times of crises (FUDEM, coordinated by University of Gothenburg), a research school funded by the Swedish Research Council, 2023-2026.

With Erika Alm, Elisabeth is editor-in-chief of the lambda nordica journal. With Silvia Posocco and E.J. Gonzalez-Polledo, Elisabeth edits the book series Theorizing Ethnography: Concept, Context, Critique (Routledge Anthropology).

Current PhD supervision:

Publikasjoner
  • Vitenskapelige publikasjoner
  • Bøker og kapitler
    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Zeng, Jinyan

      (2024)

      Feminist Activism in Post-2010s China: Identifying Issues, Sharing Knowledge, Building Movements.

      Bloomsbury Academic.

      ISBN 9781350419711.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2024)

      Orphans of the Japanese Empire. I: Platinum Bible of the Public Toilet: Ten Queer Stories.

      Duke University Press.

      ISBN 978-1-4780-3006-5.

      s.45-70.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Liinason, Mia

      (2023)

      Transforming identities in contemporary Europe : Critical essays on knowledge, inequality and belonging.

      Routledge.

      ISBN 9781032151113.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund; Schroeder, William F.; Bao, Hongwei; Schroeder, William F.

      (2015)

      Queer/tongzhi China: New perspectives on research, activism and media cultures.

      NIAS Press.

      ISBN 978 87 7694 153 6.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2008)

      Love in a big city: Sexuality, kinship and citizenship amongst lala (lesbian) women in Beijing.

  • Formidling
    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Liinason, Mia; Dahl, Ulrika; Järvklo, Niclas

      (2024)

      Changing Conditions for Gender Studies.

      Changing Conditions for Gender Studies;

      2024-02-07 - .

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2023)

      “We will not be broken by anti-trans campaigns: Some reflections and suggestions from a «Hard Core Transactvist»” (“Vi skal ikke la oss knekke av anti-transkampanjene: Noen refleksjoner og forslag fra en «Hard Core Transaktvist»”).

      Transsynlighetsdagen - Transgender Day of Visibility;

      2023-03-31 - .

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Alm, Erika; Halberstam, Jack; Brock, Maria; Martinsson, Lena

      (2023)

      Abiding by the rules will not be enough: challenging anti-gender politics in academia and beyond.

      Abiding by the rules will not be enough: challenging anti-gender politics in academia and beyond;

      2023-05-08 - .

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Evang, Jenny Andrine Madsen; Skarstein, Karoline; Guldberg, Sverre Christoffer; Fedorczuk, Jonah; Stekl, Míša; Sagdahl, Mathea Slåttholm

      (2023)

      Panelsamtale: Kjønnsmangfold, en ny og radikal ideologi?.

      Skeive Samtaler;

      2023-06-03.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Slangsvold, Einar Lie

      (2023)

      NRK P2-PULSEN (Om den skeive rettighetskampens tilbakeslag).

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2023)

      Presentation "LGBT+ Research/ers and Academic Freedom"; plus a Plenary Conversation with Christen Krogh (rector, OsloMet), Trine J. Meza (rector, Kristiania), Jon Martin Larsen (chair, PhD candidate Kristiania), and Rolf Martin Aspenes (Norsk studentorganisasjon, member of KIF committee)..

      Kristiania Pride-seminar: Threats, censorship, and self-censorship in LGBTIQ+ research;

      2023-06-28 - .

    • Norheim, Christine Lillethun; Eriksen, Kristin Gregers; Lauritzen, Solvor Mjøberg; Bangstad, Sindre; Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund; Synnes, Ronald Mayora

      (2023)

      Rasisme - en trussel mot akademisk frihet.

      Khrono.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2023)

      Invisible Women in ‘women-friendly’ Norway: The Politics of Movement, Feminism and History in the 1988 Cross-country Lesbian Bus Campaign.

      Scandinavian Symposium on Queer Cultural Heritage;

      2023-10-17 - .

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Ihlang Berg, Eir

      (2023)

      «La folk værra som dem er!».

      Blikk.

      ISSN 0803-141X.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Alm, Erika

      (2023)

      Editorial.

      Lambda Nordica: Tidskrift om homosexualitet.

      ISSN 1100-2573.

      Volum 28.

      Hefte 1.

      s.7-12.

      DOI: 10.34041/ln.v28.870

    • Brendmo, Elanor Halvorsen; Bromseth, Janne; Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Gressgård, Randi; Gross, Lena; Jentoft, Elian Eve; Stubberud, Elisabeth

      (2022)

      Kjønnsidentitet som kampsak.

      Klassekampen.

      ISSN 0805-3839.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Pető, Andrea; Gillis, Stacy; Grenz, Sabine; Madarova, Zuzana; Munt, Sally R.; Panayotov, Stanimir; Sayegh, Ghiwa; Alm, Erika

      (2022)

      Roundtable on the impact of COVID and Open Access on Gender Studies Journal, in Open forum: The politics of gender (research) in a global pandemic.

      The European Journal of Women's Studies.

      ISSN 1350-5068.

      Volum 29.

      Hefte 1.

      s.126S-132S.

      DOI: 10.1177/13505068211065138

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Aamundsen, Jakob Semb

      (2022)

      Mener Pride-bevegelsen avfeier viktig kritikk.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Stubberud, Elisabeth; Svendsen, Stine H. Bang; Dahl, Ulrika; Kyrola, Kata

      (2022)

      Inconvenient attachments: Thinking and acting queerly with/after Berlant.

      NORA Conference;

      2022-06-21 - .

    • Anderssen, Norman; Hellesund, Tone; Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Gressgård, Randi; Hellum, Anne

      (2022)

      Skeiv forskning i Norge - hvordan ligger vi an?.

      Arendalsuka;

      2022-08-18.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Alm, Erika

      (2022)

      On the Importance of Queer Scholarship in Times of War.

      Lambda Nordica: Tidskrift om homosexualitet.

      ISSN 1100-2573.

      Volum 27.

      Hefte 2.

      s.7-14.

      DOI: 10.34041/ln.v27.786

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Sundberg, Trude

      (2022)

      Oppfordring til å støtte opp om uigurske og kinesiske studenter.

      Forskerforum.no.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Nilsen, Jens Aldo

      (2022)

      Hoveodden må bli et natur- og friluftsområde for alle.

      Agderposten.

      ISSN 0805-3723.

    • Alm, Erika; Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2022)

      Anti-gender Politics & Queer Theory (editorial).

      Lambda Nordica: Tidskrift om homosexualitet.

      ISSN 1100-2573.

      Volum 27.

      Hefte 3-4.

      s.7-19.

      DOI: 10.34041/ln.v27.838

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2022)

      The Complex Dynamics of Queer Mobilities in a Sinophone world (Book review: "Queer Chinese Cultures and Mobilities: Kinship, Migration and Middle Classes" by John Wei, HKUP, 2020).

      Transfers Interdisciplinary Journal of Mobility Studies.

      ISSN 2045-4813.

      Volum 12.

      Hefte 2.

      DOI: 10.3167/TRANS.2022.120209

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Alm, Erika

      (2022)

      Anti-Gender Politics & Queer Theory.

      Lambda Nordica: Tidskrift om homosexualitet.

      ISSN 1100-2573.

      Volum 27.

      Hefte 3-4.

      s.7-19.

      DOI: 10.34041/ln.v27.838

    • Dietrichson, Susanne; Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2021)

      – Kvinnedagen er fortsatt viktig..

    • Kvål, Sikke; Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2021)

      Debatt om deltid i sykepleieryrke.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2021)

      To kjønn?.

      Klassekampen.

      ISSN 0805-3839.

    • Myong, Lene; Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Kroløkke, Charlotte; Nebeling Petersen, Michael; Hellstrand, Ingvil Førland

      (2021)

      Publishing Gender, Feminist, and Queer Studies in the Nordic region.

      Kjønnsforskning NÅ!;

      2021-05-27 - 2021-05-28.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Alm, Erika

      (2021)

      The State(s) We're in: European Freedom Zones and Pan-Nordic Collaborations on LGBTIQ+ Rights.

      Lambda Nordica: Tidskrift om homosexualitet.

      ISSN 1100-2573.

      Volum 26.

      Hefte 1.

      s.7-13.

      DOI: 10.34041/ln.v26.717

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2021)

      Universitetet pynter seg med Prideflagget.

      www.aftenbladet.no.

    • Sareen, Siddharth; Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund; By, Rune Todnem; Jørgensen, Finn Arne

      (2021)

      Det nødvendige akademiske ansvar i møte med klima­krisen.

      Stavanger Aftenblad.

      ISSN 0804-8991.

    • Sareen, Siddharth; Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund; By, Rune Todnem; Jørgensen, Finn Arne

      (2021)

      Det nødvendige akademiske ansvar i møte med klima­krisen.

      Stavanger Aftenblad.

      ISSN 0804-8991.

    • Lode, Sindre C.; Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2021)

      Kina vil lære gutter å bli mer «mandige» .

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Huang, Xin; Tou, Shi

      (2021)

      We are here – Queer feminist engagements.

      Asia in Conversation Series;

      2021-04-15 - .

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2021)

      Invisible women in ‘women-friendly’ Norway and the problem of representational pasts in the present: The Lesbian Bus Campaign, 1988.

      Histories of Sexualities, Gender Diversity and Queer in the Nordic and Baltic Region;

      2021-10-25 - 2021-10-26.

    • Elnæs, Caroline Ugelstad; Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2021)

      Nytt nummer av Nordens eneste tidsskrift for lhbt+forskning.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2020)

      Boikott eller støtte? Dilemmaer i forskningssamarbeid med Kina.

      Tysdagsforedrag på Arkeologisk museum;

      2020-02-25 - .

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Dahl, Ulrika; Renkin, Hadley

      (2020)

      Queering Anthropology.

      Social Anthropology Seminar Series;

      2020-02-28 - .

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2020)

      Beyond equality: Women's sexual justice activism in Scandinavian queer organizing.

      Departmental Lunch Seminar;

      2020-02-24 - .

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Alm, Erika

      (2020)

      Editorial: Greetings from the new editors.

      Lambda Nordica: Tidskrift om homosexualitet.

      ISSN 1100-2573.

      Volum 25.

      Hefte 2.

      s.7-13.

      DOI: 10.34041/ln.v25.672

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund; Engesbak, Reidar

      (2020)

      – Hvor er motkulturene?.

      Blikk.

      ISSN 0803-141X.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund; Gressgård, Randi Elin; Myong, Lene; Sunnercrantz, Liv Åsa-Maria

      (2020)

      Ytringsfrihetens ansvarlighet: En samtale om akademia og akademikeres rolle i samfunnet .

      Fagforum IMS, UiS;

      2020-12-02.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2019)

      A brief history of Pride activism in Norway, 1969-2019.

      OUTing the past international festival;

      2019-03-16 - .

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Sasunkevich, Olga; Wang, Di; Xiong, Jing

      (2019)

      Feminist Activism.

      Exploring gendered dimensions of welfare in China and the Nordic countries;

      2019-03-26 - 2019-03-29.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2019)

      Historisk tilbakeblikk på Pride i Norge, 1969-2019.

      FRIs Skoleringsseminar;

      2019-04-05 - 2019-04-07.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2019)

      Debatt: Sexarbeid – I historisk perspektiv og dagens realitet.

      Regnbuedagene i Bergen;

      2019-06-03 - .

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2019)

      Tense alliances: Gender politics in Norway's queer communities during the transitional 1980s..

      Archives, Libraries, Museums and Special Collections: An International LGBTIQ+ Conference - "Queering Memory. Archives – Arts – Audiences";

      2019-06-27 - 2019-06-29.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Røthing, Åse

      (2019)

      Fram for maktkritisk utdanning.

      Forskerforum.no.

    • Myong, Lene; Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Klitgård, Mathias; Hellstrand, Ingvil Førland

      (2019)

      Roundtable: Thinking feminist and gender studies now.

      Kjønnsforskning NÅ;

      2019-11-13 - 2019-11-15.

    • Lindstad, Siri; Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2019)

      Homo i går, skeiv i dag.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Hellesund, Tone; Berg, Andreas Ihlang; Stubberud, Elisabeth

      (2019)

      Skummel ideologi, Gjevjon.

      Klassekampen.

      ISSN 0805-3839.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2018)

      Seawomen of Iceland: Survival on the edge (by Margaret Willson, Washington, University of Washington Press, 2016).

      NORA - Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research.

      ISSN 0803-8740.

      Volum 26.

      Hefte 2.

      s.157-159.

      DOI: 10.1080/08038740.2018.1465463

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund; Kristiansen, Hans Wiggo; Kwam, Hannah Wozene

      (2018)

      Teatersalong: Skeive historier (Engler i Amerika).

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2018)

      Excavating Pride activism in Norway since the 1970s.

      The 5th OUTing the Past Academic Conference of LGBT History & Activism;

      2018-03-16 - 2018-03-18.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2018)

      Bli med på dragbingo: - Folk elsker å komme hit.

    • Misje, Ingeborg; Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2018)

      Flytende kjønnsidentitet oftere tema i skolen.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.; Endestad, Ingvild; Jørgensen, Bente Bækkelund; Hammervold-Austinat, Martine; Olsen, Linda Walbeck

      (2018)

      Felles kamp for likeverd.

      Blikk.

      ISSN 0803-141X.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2018)

      Re-view: Mother Camp: Female Impersonators in America; Special Book Review Section: Reviewing Mother Camp (Fifty Years Late).

      American Anthropologist.

      ISSN 0002-7294.

      Volum 120.

      Hefte 4.

      s.857-858.

      DOI: 10.1111/aman.13151

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2018)

      The importance of historicizing Norwegian Pride activism.

      Queer at home - and in the streets: An open seminar on queer history;

      2018-10-18.

    • Henriksen, Sissel; Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2018)

      Bryter ned høye murer (om kinesisk feminisme).

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2018)

      Gender, feminist activism and #metoo.

      China behind the media;

      2018-12-15 - .

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2018)

      DEMOS - Democratic participation in society; how to live together? The first workshop in the Transforming Identities project.

      DEMOS - Democratic participation in society; how to live together? The first workshop in the Transforming Identities project;

      2018-11-07 - 2018-11-09.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund; Bromseth, Janne; Svendsen, Stine Helena Bang; Prøitz, Lin; Roen, Katrina

      (2017)

      Fem forskere svarer Tonje Gjevjon: Fordomsfull kunnskapsløshet om kjønnsmangfold.

      Blazer.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2017)

      Jævla homo! utfordrer kjønnsforskerne.

      KILDEN : informasjonssenter for kjønnsforskning.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2017)

      Con/divergent queeries: Histories of North American and European queer anthropology (roundtable).

      Roundtable;

      2017-11-29 - 2017-12-03.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund; Lie, Merete

      (2017)

      Juryens begrunnelse for 2000-tallets artikkel (Muslimen med slør, anorektikeren og den transseksuelle: Hva har de til felles? av Randi Gressgård).

      Tidsskrift for kjønnsforskning.

      ISSN 0809-6341.

      Hefte 4.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2017)

      Marching for pride? Towards a history of lgbt activist visibility in Norway.

      3rd Workshop in series: Future of feminism in the Nordic countries;

      2017-08-25 - 2017-08-27.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2017)

      Sino-nordic feminist film evening (convenor).

      Screening of feminist documentaries (Hooligan sparrow, China; Vejen er lang, Denmark); program at the international conference for the Sino-Nordic gender studies network (Age, agency, ambiguity);

      2017-09-28.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2017)

      Transnational biopolitics and the undercommons (roundtable; organizer and panellist).

      6th Conference of the Sino-Nordic Women and Gender Studies Conference Series;

      2017-08-29 - .

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund; Jessen, Reidar Schei

      (2017)

      Nasjon og kjønn i nyere feministisk teori.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund; Schroeder, William F.; Bao, Hongwei

      (2017)

      Queer/Tongzhi China:New Perspectives on Research, Activism and Media Cultures.

      NORA - Nordic Journal of Feminist and Gender Research.

      ISSN 0803-8740.

      Volum 25.

      Hefte 3.

      s.217-219.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund; Boyce, Paul; Posocco, Silvia; Gonzalez-Polledo, EJ

      (2017)

      A commmitment to difference: An interview with Esther Newton.

      Sexualities.

      ISSN 1363-4607.

      Volum 21.

      Hefte 5-6.

      s.951-969.

      DOI: 10.1177/1363460717706666

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2016)

      LHBT i transnasjonal kontekst: Friksjon eller frigjøring?.

      Skeiv Lunch, LHBT Senteret, BUFDIR;

      2016-01-21.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund; Orning, Sara Elisabeth Sellevold

      (2016)

      Faglige ansvarlige og innledere: "Feministiske Forskningsfronter: Teori, politikk, samarbeid".

      Seminarserie Forskningsstatus;

      2016-04-15.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2016)

      #FreeTheFive: Sosiale medier og uavhengig feministisk aktivisme i Kina.

      Føniks.

      Volum 3.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2016)

      UiB-rektor og instituttleder: – Vi kjenner oss ikke igjen (om debatten om kvinners muntlige deltakelse i forelesningssalen).

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2016)

      Kjønnskap (dokumentarfilm for BA eksamen, laget av HiOA studenter i media og kommunikasjon).

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2016)

      Feministiske forskningsfronter: Teori, politikk, samarbeid.

      Bulletine.

      ISSN 1891-1420.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2015)

      Queer kinship as a quest for well-being in contemporary China.

      Smith College, Department of Anthropology;

      2015-03-26 - .

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2015)

      Female gender and sexual diversities (duo yang nv/xing).

      5th biennial conference on gender and sexuality (ordstyrer for panel);

      2015-07-04 - 2015-07-06.

    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth Lund

      (2015)

      Queer kinship as quests for well-being in China.

      Yale Ethnography and Social Theory Colloquium;

      2015-03-25 - .

  • Kunstnerisk produksjon
    • Engebretsen, Elisabeth L.

      (2019)

      Et historisk tilbakeblikk på Pride i Norge siden 1974.

      Et historisk tilbakeblikk på Pride i Norge siden 1974.

  • Kommersialisering
  • Cristin hovedlogo, Cristin current research information system in Norway